不等单蚤的生活史及生态学实验观察

Experimental Observations on the Life Cycle and Ecology of Monop: yllus anisus

笔者观察研究了不等单蚤的生活史及生态学特性。结果表明:在21±1℃,80±5%的温湿度下,从卵至成蚤发育1个周期平均需28.54天。其中,卵期3.48天,孵化率80.18%;幼虫期:Ⅰ龄3.20天,Ⅱ龄4.11天,Ⅲ龄7.91天;蛹期9.84天,羽化率97.18%。对成蚤的大小、体重及吸血量,雌、雄交配与产卵、孵化,嗜血习性及吸血率,供血与产卵及寿命,卵及茧低温保存时间对发育变态的影响等进行了实验观察,取得一些结果和数据。并探讨了新羽化蚤在吸血前交配受精的可能性及雌蚤一次交配长期产出受精卵的现象及原因。对不等单蚤生物学及生态学的认识,有了一定的深化和发展。

The observations on the life cycle and ecological characteristics of Monopsyllus anisus show that under the temperature of 21±1℃ and humidity of 80%±5%, the average growth period from eggs to imagoes is about 23.54 days. The duration of eggs is 3.48 days; incubation rate is 80.18%; duration of larvae: lstinstar is 3.20 days, 2nd instar is 4.11 days and 3rd instar is 7.91 days; duration of pupae is 9.34 days; emergence rate is 97.18%. The observations were also carried out on the size of imagoes, weight and quantity of sucking blood; mating, oviposit and incubation; bloodthirsty and blood sucking rate; blood supply concern with oviposit and life-span; the effect of growth metamorphosis on the period of low temperature preserve of eggs and cocoons. The posibility of mating fertilization of the new emergence flea before blood sucking and the phenomenon and the couses of long-term laying fertilization eggs that the ♀ flea is once being mating have been discussed. The knowledge on the biology and ecology of Monopsyllus anisus has been develped and deepened.