光周期钝感全雌性苎麻特征特性的初步鉴定

Ahe preliminary Characterization of Day neutral Gynoecious Ramie [Bochmeria nivea(L)Gaud]

1985年以来,发现了4个亲缘系统的光钝感全雌性苎麻(简称NG苎麻)材料,若不砍杆,在荆州每个生长季节可开3或4期花。栽后第一年,所有NG株系仅开雌花,但两年后有的年份第一花期有极少雄花。第一花期后,如不割杆,新梢上只生雌花;若于6—8月砍杆,则表现雌雄同株。NG型苎麻植株较矮,韧皮层较薄,鲜皮出麻率较低,但纤维极细。认为,该材料在苎麻育种中有重大的实用价值,也是研究光期反应、开花及性型的遗传与表达的良好材料。

Since 1985, clay neutral gynoecious ramie materials (abbr. to NG ramie)from four relative gystems have been discovered. The NG lines may present three or four flowering stages within one growing season in Jingzhou (30°24′N)if their stems have not been cut off.All the NG lines can only produce female flowers in first growing season,but two or more years after they planted, the NG lines may be out a few male flowers in first flowering stage in some years female flowers always occur on growing tops if they are not cut off after first flowering period,but cutting the stems from June to August,monoecious plants will occur.The NG lines have a shorter plant height,thiner bast layer and lower fibre rate of fresh bark,but their fibre fineness is very high.It is considered that NG type is pretty useful for ramie breeding, equally,it is very advantageous to studying photoperiod-reaction and the heredity and expression of florescence and sexual types.