铁矿工肺癌病因研究

An Etiologic Study on Lung Cancer of Haematite Mine Workers

铁矿开采上世纪被认为显无害作血，本甘纪初随着风钻的使用，粉尘浓度升高，铁矿工中出现尘肺。自30年代起，国外陆续报遭铁矿工肺癌死亡率较一般人群高。因此，IARC于1979年将赤铁矿并下开采列为第一类具有人类致癌性职业，1987年里昂IARC专家会议再次确定铁矿井下开采并接触氨为肺癌高发职业。但也有调查发现赤铁矿开采肺癌并不高发。

A retrospective cohort study on lung cancermortality and a nested case-control study werecarried out in 4 iron ore mines with 14841 malesubjects who had been employed between theyears 1972 and 1974 at least for 1 year and tobe followed up to 1988. The industrial hazardagents such as dust, arsenic, nickel,cadmium,PAHs and radon daughters were measured.The results showed that there was a highermortality rate from lung cancer among workersmining haematite underground. Lung cancermortality trends to be raised for dust exposedand silieosis workers, but not statisticallysignificant. The risk of lung cancer amongsmokers was elevated with an OR=2.55, P<0.01. As the levels of As, Ni, Cd and radondaughters were quite low in workplace so wecould not conclude that those agents werecauses of higher lung cancer mortality rates.