我国南方大豆地方品种群体特点和特异种质的发掘与遗传基础研究

Studies on the Properties of Soybean Landrace Population from Southern China and on the Germpiasm with Specific Target Traits and Their Genetic Background

搜集我国南方大豆地方品种资源8000余份。围绕高产、优质、多抗、广适应育种目标,从群体水平上研究资源主要农艺、品质性状的遗传变异和选择潜力;从个体水平上发掘优异基因资源,包括生育期光温反应特性、抗大豆花叶病毒、抗豆秆黑潜蝇、蛋白质含量、油脂含量、豆腐加工特性、长花序、雄性核不育、芽黄等方面的特异资源,研究其遗传基础并用之进行种质改良。

About 8000 Soybean landraces were collected from southern China, Studies on the soybean landraces at population level were conducted to evaluate the genetic variability and selection potential. Specific genetic resources with target traits for major breeding purposes were screened out from the landraces. Those traits were as follows; insensitivity of response of growth period to photoperiod and temperature, resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus, resistance to soybean agromyzid fly, high protein content, high oil content, high tofu output, storage protein composition, long terminal inflorescence on main stem, nuclear male sterility and cytoplasmic-inherited leaf vircscence. The inheritance of the most traits made on the specific gene resources were studied. In addition, the breeding progresses on most of the traits were obtained by using those specific resources as parents.