2Susan Bassnett & Andre Lefevere, Constructing Cultures:Essays on Literary Translation (Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Languages Education Press,2001), p. 6.
3Felix M.Keesing, Cultural Anthropology: The Scierues of Custom(Stanford:Stanford University Press, 1958) ,p. 18.
4谬七一:《当代西方翻译理论探索》,译林出版社2000年版,278页.
5Peter Newmark, A Textbook of Translation (Prentice Hall International Ltd., 1988) ,p.6.