护士长科学管理艺术浅探

Exploration on Scientific Management of Head Nurses

作者采用问卷调查的方法,对上海市部分三级医院的青年护士、护士长共250名进行了调查,内容为护士的专业思想及其影响因素、护士的心理需要、护士长管理行为选择.结果表明,75%的青年护士存在专业思想不稳定倾向,而社会地位、学科发展、劳动强度等是其主要影响因素;她们大多渴望自身的价值得到社会的认可和尊重,希望继续学习深造和具有良好的人际环境;护士期望护士长采用Ⅲ型领导方式,成为综合型管理人才.结论:(1)护士长应根据青年护士价值取向及心理需要实施教育计划;(2)提高护理管理者自身素质和修养是科学管理的前提;(3)根据群体特殊性,正确应用激励艺术,是实施科学管理的有效途径;(4)“高工作”,“高关系”是护士长理想的领导方式.

An investigation on professional thoughts and their affecting factors, psychological requirements, and head nurses' management was conducted by means of questionnaires to some nurses and head nurses who were working in III class hospitals in Shanghai. The results indicated that instability of professional thoughts was widespread among young nurses, for which social position, the development of nursing subjects and the intensity of labor were the leading causes. On the otherhand, most young nurses are eager for the opportunities of continuing their education, for good social environment, and most importantly, for social acceptance and respect, and they expect that Ill-class leading pattern should be exercised by head nurse. The results suggest; 1) Head nurses should implement education programs according to the concept of value and psychological requiremnets; 2) Head nurses should improve their performance and accomplishment as a prerequisite of scientific management; 3) Head nurses should adopt effective means to stimulate the movale of nurses according to the particularity of the nurse group;and 4) Ill-class leading pattern is of ideal management style, for head nurses.