黄土高原典型地区土壤侵蚀共性与特点

On Commonness and Speciality of Soil Erosion in Typical Regions of the Loess Plateau

通过对黄土高原典型地区土壤侵蚀以往的研究结论进行综合分析 ,在比较土壤侵蚀相似性和差异性的基础上 ,对这些典型地区土壤侵蚀的共性与特点进行了研究 ,结果表明 :1、黄土高原典型地区土壤侵蚀影响因素有降雨、地形及土地利用 ;2、黄土高原各典型地区主要侵蚀类型为水蚀及重力侵蚀 ;主要侵蚀发生时间为汛期 ;主要侵蚀空间分布特征为具有垂直分带性 ;3、绥德地区侵蚀产沙强烈 ,天水地区侵蚀相对轻微 ,安塞地区各种侵蚀特征典型 ,西峰地区土壤侵蚀特殊。

The Loss Plateau is a special area where soil erosion is the most intense in the world. The studies on soil erosion in typical regions of the Loess Plateau can contribute the scientific bases to conducting soil and water conservation here. Based on an integrated analyses on early studies of soil erosion here, and comparison of similarity and othemess of soil erosion of every region, the commonness and specialty of soil erosion in typical regions of the Loess Plateau were studied in this paper and the results are as follows: (1)the factors affecting soil erosion in typical regions are precipitation,topography and land use;(2)the main erosion types are water erosion and gravity erosion,the main occurrence period of erosion is flood season,and the main erosion features of spatial distribution are vertical belt distribution in every region;(3)soil erosion are heavy in Suide, light relatively in Tianshui,typicial in Ansai,and exceptional in Xifeng among four studied typical regions of the Loess Plateau.