豚鼠气单胞噬菌体的研究

Study on Aeromonas caviae Bacteriophage

本文首次报道从外环境标本检出豚鼠气单胞菌噬菌体。鉴定其中6株,其噬斑特征均为透明、圆形、直径1.0～2.5mm,边缘有整齐和俏不整齐两种。据电镜观察形态有三种类型,即:头部体积较大.呈长轴六角形,尾部长;头部体积较小,呈等轴六角形,尾部极短或无尾;头部中等,呈等轴六角形,尾部稍长。这些噬菌体的裂解面较广,对同源菌的综合裂解率为84.4％,单株的裂解率在6.67～69.4％之间。6株噬菌体与属内的亲水和温和气单胞菌的交叉裂解率分别为54.29％和17.31％,但对属外的弧菌属和肠杆菌科常见菌的裂解率较低。除个别株(AcP1)对志贺氏菌属有12.12％。

The bacteriophage of Aeromonas cariae was first isolated from samples of the surrounding. 6 bactcriophages were studied and classified into two kinds according to their property of differential phages. Their plaque shape was clear, round, the diameter being 1.0-2.5 mm. But there was some difference about regularity in their edge. By electron microscopy observation. morphology of bacteriophages could be classified into three kinds. Kind Ⅰ consisted of long axis hexagonal and larger head with a long tail, kind Ⅱ had equal axis hexagonal and small head, but a tail was very short or not. Kind Ⅲ had equal axis hexagonal and middling head,but a tail was long. These phages showed wide lysis rate. Total lysis rate of 6 bacteriophages to same species bacterium was 84. 4% ,however,the lysis rate of single bacteriophage was 6. 67-69. 4%. Cross lysis rates of 6 phages to Aeromonas hydrophila and Aero-monas sobria were 54. 29% and 17. 1% respectively. Cross lysis phenomenon of these phages wasn't found to bacterium Vibrio and Enterobacteriaceae. except 12. 12% to Shigella in some phages.