成年人及老年人龋病状况十年纵向观察

A 10-year longitudinal study of caries prevalence and tooth loss in adults

目的 观察成年人与老年人龋病的自然发展过程以及与牙齿缺失的关系 ,为该病的防治提供依据。 方法 1 984年对 2 0岁以上成年人 587人的口腔状况进行了检查 ,1 994年随访复查4 40人 ,2次检查由相同的检查人员完成 ,对龋病的有关资料进行分析。 结果 各年龄组在 1 0年内均有新龋损形成 ,新增龋补牙数 ( DFT值 )随年龄增长而增加。 1 0年间所观察人群共丧失 2 1 1 4颗牙齿 ,占初查时存留牙齿总数的 1 8.9%。初查时无龋牙 1 0年后缺失 1 0 .8%,釉质龋牙缺失 1 7.9%,而牙本质深龋牙齿的缺失高达 76.0 %。 结论 龋病是影响成年人 ,特别是老年人健康的主要疾病 ,牙齿的缺失与初查时龋病的严重程度有关。如不积极改善口腔卫生和 (或 )进行干预 ,因龋病而丧失的牙齿数将随年龄增长而增加 。

Objective To observe the natural history of dental caries in adults followed up in a 10 year period of time, so as to help in planning oral health care and providing treatment according to the patterns of progression. Methods In 1984, 587 subjects aged from 20 to 80 years were examined and by 1994, 440 of these were still available for re examination by the same two examiners. Dental caries, periodontal conditions and restorations were recorded for all the teeth. Only caries data are reported here. Results There was a significant increase in the number of new Decay Filling Teeth (DFT) with aging. A total of 2 114 teeth were lost, 18 9% of all teeth at baseline examination. The risk of a tooth being lost increased with increasing severity of the caries, 10 8% among sound teeth, 17 9% among teeth with enamel caries, 36 2% among teeth with dentin lesion, to 76 0% among teeth with deep dentin lesion. Conclusions Dental caries constitutes a significant problem in adults as new lesions continue to develop and the lesions already exiting will progress for life. If there is not a general shift in the attitude and behavior concerning oral hygiene and if the preventive and therapentic strategies are not targeting the adults, the situation of dental caries will not be improved.