论旅游业的企业组织结构和市场开放

An Analysis on Industrial Structure in the Tourist Industry and Market Opening Policy

本文分析了中国旅游业宏观形势良好但微观企业效益下降的背反现象 ,从旅游业的企业组织结构、竞争关系和市场开放度等角度探讨了其深层次原因 ,指出旅游业的体制特征是“部分封闭的市场 +约束性的竞争关系” ,目前的一些政策性和制度性安排制约了旅游企业的有效竞争 ,限制了生产要素的自由流动 ,是形成“小散弱差”企业格局的主要原因。在分析的基础上 ,本文提出了全面开放旅游市场的政策主张。

The article analyzes the contradictory phenomenon found in China's Tourism industry in which enterprise profit is decreasing while the market scope is expanding.Three key aspects as the industrial structure,competition relationship between enterprises and degree of market opening are studied,and the concept of systematic feature as \!partly closed market and limited competition\' is developed.The article further examines some policies that deter the effective competition and limit the free flow of productive elements,which is identified as major reasons that result in the organizational structure of small,low\|connected,weak and inefficient enterprises.Based on the analysis,the article suggests adopting a policy of complete market opening to face the upcoming challenges.