大气气溶胶的酸化与相对湿度的关系 及其对酸雨形成的贡献

Relationship of Acidification of Air Aerosols with Relative Huminity and Its Contributions to the Formation of Acid Rain

从大气气溶胶的微物理结构出发，研究了气溶胶表层膜受大气相对湿度（Ｈｒ）的影响发生Ｓ（＋４）氧化成为硫酸的过程，同时给出了不同湿度条件下污染大气中气溶胶粒子酸化作用的理论分析结果。研究分析表明，气溶胶颗粒表面的水份含量对于成功的氧化过程是一个必不可少的条件。由于周围环境大气相对湿度能够极大地改变气溶胶粒子的水份含量，因而，它也能对气溶胶粒子酸化作用的程度产生影响。研究发现，对于吸湿性气溶胶，在相同的条件下， Ｈｒ≤ ３０％的干粒子和Ｈｒ≥ ７０％的湿粒子都会经历不同程度的酸化。

By analyzing the micro-structure of aerosols, the process of oxidation of S(+4) to sulfate on the surface film of aerosol which is affected by the different atmospheric relative humidity was studied. The theoretic analysis results have also been given to the acidification functions of aerosol particles in the polluted air under the conditions of different Hr. It is indicated that the water content of the aerosols is essential for the successful oxidation process. The relative humidity of ambient atmosphere have influence on the acidification function of aerosol particles as it can change the water content of aerosols greatly, and it is found that under the same conditions for the dry aerosols (Hr ≤ 30%) and wet aerosols (Hr≥ 70%), they can have the different extents for acidification.