镁、钙肥对肥城桃品质影响及平衡施肥的研究

EFFECTS OF MAGNESIUM AND CALCIUM ON PEACH QUALITY AND BALANCED APPLICATION

尽管肥城果园土壤富含可溶性及交换性钙镁 ,但肥桃果实品质对钙镁肥的施用有明显反映。基于其它矿质养分量佳处理 ,每公顷桃园施用 5 0kgMgO可以显著提高果实可溶性糖及Vc含量 ,同时降低可溶性酸含量。虽然耐贮性略有降低 ,适口性和外观商品性也有显著改善。增施镁肥和配施钾镁肥能显著提高单果重1 5 %～ 2 3%。相反 ,在果实膨大期喷施钙肥有降糖升酸及Vc含量降低的反作用 ,但可延长果实储期 3～ 7d。增加钙肥喷施次数对各项品质的效果作用不明显。肥城桃优质高产的适宜Ca/Mg和Mg/K比分别为 2和 3。

Soils in Feicheng peach orchards are generally rich in exchangeable Ca and Mg Howeve,peach obviously responses to Ca and Mg applications in quality and fruit weight Based on the proper treatment of other necessary nutrients,addition of 50kg MgO significantly increased both sugar and Vc contents in the fruit,while soluble acid declined As a result,the taste flavor and fruit appearance improved with storage period a few days shortened Fruit weight increased by 15%-23% as a result of magnesium or combined application with potassium In contrast,calcium spray at the fruit stage can play a role in decreasing both sugar and Vc and in increasing soluble acid in company with storage 3-7 days prolonged Spray frequency had little effects on peach quality Calculation of the optimum treatment shows that the appropriate ratios of Ca/Mg and Mg/K should be approximate 2 and 3,respectively