丁草胺药肥对土壤微生物的抑制作用及其增产效果

Limit Action on Soil Microbe and Effect on Rice Production by Butachlor-Fertilizer

众所周知,由于土壤氯化细菌加速尿素分解,尿素利用率仅为30%～35%。为此,科学家们试图寻找一些化学物质来抑制土壤微生物分泌的脲酶,以降低尿素的分解。国外曾报道,部分二苯醚类除草剂在常规使用剂量下能显著抑制土壤微生物的繁殖,部分脲类除草剂在使用早期时土壤微生物具有明显的抑制作用,有机磷类除草剂草甘磷使用后的2个月内明显减少真菌和细菌数量。但尚未见酰胺类除草剂对稻田土壤微生物的影响的报道。将除草剂和化肥合成固定剂型——药肥更是一种新的尝试。本试验的目的在于研究药肥对土壤微生物的抑制作用及其增产效果。1 材料和方法小区试验于1991年在浙江省宿阳县东山良种场进行,小区面积34m^2,重复3次,处理和对照见表1。完全随机区组排列。供试水稻品种为浙852,移栽后5d用丁草胺药肥处理,施用量112.5 kg/bm^2(商品量),人工撒施。丁草胺药肥由浙江省农资公司提供。

There were two effects i. e. weed control and increasing field fertility, and obtaining 33% grain yield increase when Butachlor-Fertilizer(BF) was applied in transplanting rice. The reproductive capacity and concentration of soil ammoniated bacteria was limited and reduced significantly by BF of 112.5kg/ha. It was the most serious limit on soil microbial population when the BF applied during 7-14 days alter treatment (DAT). However, soil ammoniated bacteria recovered their reproduction at 28 DAT.