家庭寄养对孤儿社会成长作用的研究

THE EFFECT OF FOSTER-PARENTING ON FOSTERED CHILDREN'S SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

本研究采用了《中国心理卫生评定量表手册》中儿童社会适应量表、信任他人量表和自我容纳量表 ,并根据亲社会行为的心理学定义编制了亲社会行为量表 ,分别对福利院儿童和家庭寄养儿童进行了访谈 ,旨在分析家庭寄养是否有利于孤儿的社会性发展。结果表明 :(1)两组儿童在四个量表上的得分差异达到极其显著的水平 ,显示家庭寄养儿童在社会性发展上优于福利院儿童。 (2 )男性儿童似乎更易受环境变化的影响。(3)年龄这一一直被认为对儿童的社会性发展有较大影响的因素在这里变得非常复杂 ,儿童在进入寄养家庭时的年龄大小可能有相当大的作用 ,这有待进一步的研究。

In order to test whether fosterage can facilitate the orphans' social development, four measures (Children's Social Adaptation Scale,Trust in Others Scale, Self Acceptance Scale and Pro Social Behavior Scale)were administered to children from Welfare Houses and those fostered outside respectively. The results indicated that: 1) the two groups' significant difference in the four measures, showed that the fostered children reached a higher level of social development than those from Welfare Houses; 2) the boys are more sensitive to the environmental changes; 3) there were an interaction between a child's current age and his or her leaving the Welfare House. Age was once considered an influential factor in children's social development. Further studies should be made on this issue.