全球化过程中的民族主义

Nationalism in the Process of Globalization

在当今世界 ,由于现代工业、信息科技的高速发展 ,信息、资金、人口等方面的跨国流动都在以令人难以想象的速度进行 ,我们所生活的世界正以前所未有的方式彼此交织在一起 ,而这样的趋势正说明全球化 (globalization)的来临。如果说全球化过程意味着一种整合的力量 ,那么民族主义运动则是一种分殊 (diversity)的力量 ,它的趋向与全球化过程相比 ,几乎是对立的。针对全球化的发展将导致民族主义逐步走向衰落的观点 ,本文尝试指出 ,乍看起来 ,二者是本质相反、彼此毫不相容的 ,但在全球化的发展中 ,民族主义的存续不仅可能 ,而且有极大的机会得到转化、重生。亦即 ,具有普遍价值的人权、平等概念当可在这样的条件下得到正面发展 ;另一方面 ,具有独特个性的民族认同也将在科技文明。

In the contemporary world, the speed of the transnational flow of information, assets and population is unimaginable due to the high-speed development of modern industry and information science. As a result, the world we inhabit is being interwoven in an unprecedented way. Such a trend indicates the coming of globalization. If the process of globalization stands for the force of integration, nationalism represents the force of diversity, with its tendency almost in opposition to that of globalization. On the first glimpse, therefore, the two are essentially opposite and completely incompatible to each other. Different from the widespread prediction that the development of globalization will cause the gradual decline of nationalism, this paper tries to point out that the nationalism will not only be likely to survive but will also have a great chance of transformation and rebirth in the process of globalization. On the one hand, some universal values, such as the notions of human rights and equality, can obtain positive development in such conditions. On the other, the national identity with specific characteristics will also obtain an unprecedented chance of rebirth with the progress of science and technology and the improvement of economic conditions.