论行为的罪化过程——犯罪确定的法理分析

On the Criming Process of Behaviour——Jurisprudent Analysis of Crime Decision

犯罪的原质是行为 ,近现代刑法只把行为当作自己的考察对象。刑法意义上的行为具有主体的限定性 ,主体的意志性 ,刑法上的因果性 ,刑法上的评价性四个基本特征。行为之所以成为犯罪 ,作为其质的社会危害性是不断发展着的社会正义评价的结果 ,而随之确定的刑罚则是社会危害性的量化体现 ,并反之成为判断而后的同类行为是否构成犯罪的客观标准。刑法典作为犯罪的外在判断标准 ,并不需要揭示其实质 ,仅需规定 :凡违反本法规定之行为 ,均受追究。

The original matter of crime is action,modern penalty laws just regard action as their object of study,the action in penalty law has four basic elements:limitation of the subject,willfull of subject,cause and effect relation of penalty law ,evaluate of penalty law ,the reason why action becomes crime,its quality is the result of the evaluate of social justice,the following determined penalty is just an embodiment of the quantity of its social harmfulness,on the contrary,the embodiment becomes an impersonal judge standard of whether the action become a crime or not so as impersonal crime standard,the penal code needn't post the essential of crime,it only stipulate:all the action disobeys the stipulate will be sue.