近代汉语词语发展的更替现象

Lexical Substituting Patterns in Pre-Modern Chinese

通过对一些常用单音节词和相关的复合词从近代到现代的发展线索的迫踪考察，发现近代汉语词语在变化过程中的更替性现象。在这种更替的过程中，一般会经过一个新旧共存的时期。这种共存不仅体现在新旧词的并存并用，还体现在它们结合成等义复词的联合共存，我们还发现单音节词的更替，常常引起由共所构成的双音节词的内部变更。

This paper has investigated the historical development of some representative monosyllabic words and bisyllabic words with those monosyllabic words as morphemes. We have generalized the patterns in which the words developed from the Pre-Modern period to the Modern Chinese period. We conclude that there is always a co-existing period during which old and new words, and the complex words with the old and new words as morphemes, are both being used and competing against each other. We also find that the substituting of monosyllabic words always leads to the interior change of bisyllabic words with those monosyllabic words as morphemes.