成都市商业街船棺、独木棺墓葬发掘简报

Excavation of a Boat-coffin Grave in Chengdu

2000年7月～2001年1月,成都市文物考古研究所在成都市商业街58号建筑工地,抢救性发掘了一座战国早期的大型船棺、独木棺墓葬,初步推测是一处古蜀国开明王朝王族或蜀王本人的家族墓地。墓葬为东北——西南方向,为多棺合葬的土坑竖穴墓。墓坑长方形,约长30.5、宽20.3米,现存船棺、独木棺等17具。根据现象分析,推测当时在墓葬之上应有地面建筑。墓葬中出土了大量的重要文物,有陶器、铜器、漆器、竹木器等数以百计。墓葬规模宏大,结构极为讲究,在并列陈放众多船棺、独木棺葬具下铺垫横木的丧葬方式,在国内属首次发现。葬具数量之多、体量之大堪称全国之最。本次发现是继广汉三星堆之后,古蜀国考古的又一重大发现。

From July of 2000 to January of 2001, archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology of Chengdu City carried out a rescue excavation of a large tomb containing seventeen coffins each cut out of a single trunk of tree. The tomb, dated back to the early Warring States, belongs to the king of the Kaiming dynasty of the ancient Shu state. With a northeast-southwest orientation . the tomb is a rectangular vertical earthen pit measuring 30.5 by 20.3 m. There must have been some surface building for ceremonial purpose, as in conformity with the royal mausoleum system. A large amount of funerary objects were unearthed, including pottery, bronze, lacquer, bamboo and wooden articles. The magnificent tomb is unprecedented in that the numerous coffins were placed upon planks, indicating the high status of the tomb occupants. The excavation marks another major archaeological discovery following that of Sanxingdui, and casts much new light upon history, culture and burial system of the ancient Shu Kingdom.