试论商标法中在先权的保护与限制

Protection and Limitation on Priority Rights in Trade Mark Law of our Country

在先权和在后权根植于同一客体 ,它们取得的依据既可以是同一部法律 ,又可以是不同的法律。在先权和在后权因时间或者程序的先后而产生。对根植于同一客体且都是依据《商标法》但因时间和程序在先而获得的在先权 ,可分为在先申请权、在先使用权、在先注册权、在先驰名权。这些在先权与相应的在后权可能会发生冲突。因此 ,既要按照利益比较原则、相对适用保护在先权原则、保护与限制并重原则、禁止权利滥用原则及诚实信用原则予以保护 ,又要依法对其加以适当限制。

Priority and inferiority comes from the same object,and may derive from the same or different laws.They come by means of time or procedure.Priority deriving from trade mark law can be divided into priority in appliance,use,registration,becoming well-know.Such priority rights may be in conflicts with inferiority rights.Therefore it is necessary to protect properly the priority rights in accordance with the principles of comparative interests,protecting priority rights in priority,prohibiting abusing of rights,credit and good faith,on the one hand,and on the other hand it is also necessary to restrict the use of priority rights so as to enable rights holders performing their rights and duties adequately.