儿童原发性高血压先兆筛选的实验研究

Experimental Study on Screening of Precursor of Essential Hypertension in Children

本文比较日摄盐量相近、有及无高血压家族史的5～6岁儿童的盐负荷前后尿钠排出量。结果表明,二组盐负荷前的尿钠量相近,差异无意义。后有家族史儿童的尿钠量明显较无家族史者为少。差异有高度显著意义(P<0.0001)。盐负荷后24小时尿钠与有关指标的逐步回归分析表明,家族史是影响尿钠排泄的重要因素。两组间盐负荷前后尿钠不同差值的人数分布比较表明,差值为负值时,二者间差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。建议以尿钠差值的负值作为原发性高血压先兆倾向的筛选标准。

The excretion of urinary sodium of children, aged 5-6 years, with an approximate dayly salt intake, was compared between the group (151 members) with family history of essential hypertension and the other (137 members) without the history before and after salt loading, respectively. The results showed that the urinary sodium level (USL) of children with family history approximate to the USL of children without family history before salt loading, there was no significant difference. However, after salt loading the USL of the former was much lower than the latter, there was significant difference (p<0.0001). The multiple regression analysis of 24-hour urinary sodium after loading vs relevant factors as independent variables showed that the family history was an improtant factor which influence the excretion of urinary sodium. Dividing Children into several subgroups according to the difference of USL after and before salt loading, the comparision of percentages of children in each subgroup between the groups with and without family history showed that there was significant difference between the two groups (p<0.05) when the difference of USL was negative. Thus, we suggest that the negative difference of USL could serve as a criterion to screen the precursor of essential hypertension.