刑事诉讼证明的理想与现实——证明标准问题上的一种相对合理主义观点

Criminal Procedures of Proof:Ideals and Realities --The Relative Rationality Doctrine on Standard of Proof

目前刑事诉讼法学界在证明标准问题上存在“客观真实”与“法律真实”的争论。其实,这一对法律概念蕴含着证明理念、证明程度和证明要求这样三个层面的涵义,我们可以从这三个不同的视角来审视“客观真实说”与“法律真实说”的对立。刑事诉讼中应当确立法律真实的证明观念,客观真实的证明程度是刑事诉讼证明的理想境界,兼采客观真实与法律真实的证明要求是我国刑事司法的现实选择。在刑事司法上坚持相对合理主义,有助于缓解刑事诉讼证明的理想与现实之间的冲突。

There arc two optxxsitc viewpoints on standard of proof in criminal procedure: 'objective truth' and 'legal truth' . In fact, each of them can be interpreted in three ways: doctrine of proof, degree of proof and standard of proof. The legal truth doctrine should be established in criminal procedure. The 'objective truth' degree is an ideal extent which can be reached. It seems that the realistic choice for us is to adopt the mixed standard based on both 'objective truth' and 'legal truth'. We should insist on the relative rationality doctrine in criminal procedure in order to mitigate the conflict between the ideal and reality of testification in criminal procedure.