岩溶水流方式与成矿作用关系探讨

A DISCUSSION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLOW PATTERNS OF KARST WATER AND ORE-FORMING PROCESSES

本文通过论述管道流与扩散流两种主要岩溶水流方式的水动力、水化学特征与成矿的关系,论证水流方式在岩溶成矿作用中的重要作用。此外,通过分析两种水流的运移特点与矿床特征的关系,指出具浸染状、脉状的矿石结构构造和呈似层状、透镜状、脉状产出的矿体多与扩散流有关,具含砾纹层状、角砾状的矿石结构构造、和呈不规则状、囊状产出的矿体多与管道流有关;具不同形态矿体和不同结构构造矿石共存的矿体,则可由不同岩溶水流方式共同作用造成。

Karst ore-forming processes are recognized gradually in recent years. However, much of researches in concentrated on the relationship between karst cave and metalloge-ny. It is proved that the flow patterns of karst water play an important role during karst ore-forming processes, through a discussion about the features of hydrodynamics and hy-drochemical of water-conduit flow and diffuse flow respectively, and the influence of these features on the metallogeny. In addition, by analysing the relationship between the flow features of conduit flow and diffuse flow and characteristics of the mineral deposits, this paper points out that, in karstification area, the formation of the ore bodies occurred in carbonate rocks usually have the regularities as follows: 1. the stratoid, lenticular and vein ore bodies which generally have impregnation and vein ore texture and structure are related to the diffuse flow; 2. the irregular and sack-like ore bodies which often have pebble-bearing laminated and brecciated ore texture and structure are related to the conduit flow; 3. the mineral deposits with varied shapes of ore bodies and ore texture and structure could be formed by the cooperation of different flow patterns of karst water.