美国市政体制改革:背景、过程与发展趋势

American Municipal Systems Reform: Background, Process and Developing Tendency

在 1 9世纪末 2 0世纪初的城市化浪潮中 ,美国市政体制由单一的弱市长制逐渐演进为强市长制、委员会制和经理制。这一变化的根本原因在于经济基础的变动。三种新型体制的出现揭开了 2 0世纪初美国市政体制一系列重大调整的序幕 ,从而促进了城市问题的解决 。

From the late of 19th century to the early of 20th century, American Municipal Systems evolved gradually from the weak mayor system to the mayor of parliament system, city committee system, city manager system. This change's basic reason was the alteration of the economic foundation. Three kinds of the new systems' emerge was uncovering the preface of the American municipal systems reform in the early of 20th century, and solved the municipal problems. At the same time, it seeked a route of promoting democracy politics under the modernization.