人参,西洋参及三七总皂甙对大鼠血小板功能及血栓形成的抑制作用

Inhibitory effects of total saponins extracted from Panax ginseng,Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng on platelet function and thrombosis in rats

体外试验表明人参总甙(SPG),西洋参总甙(SPQ)和三七总甙(SPNG)均能抑制胶原诱导的大鼠血小板聚集,其IC_(50)分别为0.583,1.012及0.815mg·ml^(-1),对胶原诱导引起的血小板5-HT释放,在0.5mg·ml^(-1)时,SPG,SPQ及SPNG的抑制率分别为20％,4％及16％,对血小板内cAMP含量,在35mg·kg^(-1)iv后,SPG,SPQ及SPNG均能使其显著增加.体内试验,对大鼠的实验性血栓,SPNG在80mg·kg^1 ig 1.5～2 h后有显著的抑制作用,但同样剂量的SPG无效Rg_1 20mg·kg^1 ig能显著抑制血栓形成,iv能显著抑制凝血酶所致DIC的血小板数目减少,FDP的增加,但对纤维蛋白原,凝血酶原时间的改变则无明显的拮抗作用。

Actions of total saponins extracted from Panax ginseng(SPG),Panax quinquefolium(SPQ)and Panax notoginseng(SPNG)were studied both in vitro and in vivo.Total saponins.when tested in vitro.inhibited collagen induced rat platelet aggregation with an IC5n of 0.583.1.012 and 0.815 g·L-1 respectively.Percentages of inhibition of 5 HT release from rat platelet at a dose of 0.5 mg·ml-1 of each saponin were found to be 20%,4% and 16%.respectively.When the rats were given a dose of 35 mg·kg-1 intravenously,their platelet cAMP concentrations were raised to a similar level in these three saponins.However,their in vivo actions were different.SPNG 80 mg·kg-1 significantly inhibited thrombosis(Umetsu's method)1.5-2 h after oral administration,whereas the same dose of SPG was ineffective.Rg1 at a dose of 20 mg·kg-1 ig could also inhibit thrombosis significantly,and inhibit the reduction of platelet counts and the increase of fibrin degradation product(FDP)caused by thrombus induced disseminated intravascular coagulation,but the drug had no obvious effect on fibrinogen content and prothrombin time.