秦汉政治史观的演变历程

Transformation of Concept of Political History during Qin-Han Period

秦汉时期共有三种主要的政治史观 :以五行相胜原则运转的五德终始说、以五行相生原则运转的汉为尧后说 ,以及董仲舒所创三统说。秦到汉武帝时 ,五行相胜的五德终始说占政治史观的主流 ,汉昭帝以后则被五行相生的政治史观代替 ,董仲舒创立的三统说在汉武帝时形成 ,此后便和五行相生政治史观平行发展。这三种政治史观都与阴阳五行有密切关联 ,并对秦汉乃至以后两千余年封建社会产生深远影响。

Three concepts of political history appeared during Qin Han period.The first is the Revolving Five Virtues Learning which is based on the recycling overcoming of Five Elements,the second is Han House as Emperor Yao's posterity school which is dependant on the recycling derivation of the Five Elements,and the third is the Three Unification Learning created by Dong Zhong shu.The Revolving Five Virtues Learning dominated notion of political history from Qin to Emperor Wu of Han,its position was replaced by the recycling derivation of the Five Elements concept since Han Emperor Zhao on.Dong Zhong shu's Three Unification Learning took shape in the reign of Emperor Wu of Han,thereafter it had a parallel development with the recycling derivation of the Five Elements Learning.The three above viewpoints all had intimate connections with Yin and Yang and the Five Elements,they had exerted far flung influence on Chinese Society for more than two thousand years.