血流动力学对家兔动脉粥样硬化早期病变形成的影响

Effect of Hemodynamics on Early Atherosclerotic Changes in Rabbits

应用苏丹Ⅳ染色、抗载脂蛋白E、B抗体和抗巨噬细胞单克隆抗体等免疫组化染色及极坐标法检测,并应用扫描、透射电镜观察了家兔主动脉弓分支入口分流部内皮细胞的形态和动脉粥样硬化早期病变的部位及特征。研究结果证明家兔动脉粥样硬化病变在高脂肪食投与后2周时,发生于距离分流部尖端460μm的肩部;扫描、透射电镜观察显示分流部的内皮细胞在不同部位呈现不同的形态特征;载脂蛋白E、B和单核/巨噬细胞在内膜的沉积和浸润与苏丹Ⅳ染色阳性部位相一致,随之所见的泡沫细胞来源于单核/巨噬细胞。这些结果表明,动脉粥样硬化早期病变受低切变应力的影响。

The bifurcations of rabbit aortic arch were stained grossly with Sudan IV, and measured by the polar coordinate method. Histological specimens of aortic arch were stained with the antibodies against rabbit Apo E, B and maerophage respectively. The morphologic changes of endothelial cells snd the areas of early atherosclerosis were studied with SEM and TEM. When rabbits were fed with a cholesterol diet for 2 weeks, a band-shaped lipoprotein deposition could be observed in regions 460μm from the apex of flow dividers of aortic arch. SEM and TEM showed that the shapes of endothelial cells were different in parts of the flow dividers even in a normal rabbit. The area of Apo E, B deposition and monoeyte/macrophage infiltration was the same as that of Sudan Ⅳ staining, and deposition was followed by foam cells which be believed coming from the monocyte infiltrated. All the above showed that early atherosclerosis changes were affected by low-shear stress.