秣食豆种质的遗传评价及其利用

THE EVALUATION AND UTILIGATION OF SEMICULTIVATED SOYBEAN GENETIC POTENTIAL

本文研究了秣食豆与其它类型大豆间杂种后代的育种效果及遗传潜势。结果表明,含有秣食豆血缘的组合,植株高大繁茂,粒茎比小,单株荚数和单株粒数多,但百粒重小。含有秣食豆种质的类型间组合,内在遗传潜势最大。秣食豆种质向栽培大豆渗入,能显著增加杂交后代单株荚数和单株粒数,提高主要产量性状的选择潜力。只要亲本选配得当,株高和百粒重等性状在F_2即可出现栽培大豆类型。含有秣食豆血缘的组合可用于选育纳豆等特用大豆新品种。

Genetic potential,breeding effectiveness of progenies from semicultivated and other types of soybean were studied.The results suggested that progenies from crosses between cultivated and semicultivated soybean had higher plant height,more luxuriant growth,more seeds and pods per plant,lower seed-stem ratio and less 100-seeds weight than those of intervariatal crosses.Crosses including semicultivated germplasm had greatest genetic potential.The infusing of semicultivated germplasm to the cultivated soybean could increase the number of seed and pod per plant significantly,and could enhance the selecting potential on yield.If parents of interspecific crosses were chosen suitably,plant height,100-seeds weight of the progenies could restore to the cultivated form in F2generation.The crosses with semicultivated soybean germplasm can also be used to select minute seed and other specific new varieties.