排球运动员髌骨软骨软化症与Q角关系的研究 Ⅱ.不同Q角对髌股关节生物力学的影响

TNE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN Q-ANGLE AND CHONDROMALACIA PATELLAE IN VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS——Ⅱ. THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS Q-ANGLE ON PATELLOFEMORAL BIOMECHANICS

本文对28名男子排球运动员的股四头肌进行等速肌力测试以提供髌股关节生物力学计算数据。根据膝关节等速测试力学模型和髌股关节作用力(PFJRF)三维力学模型、分析不同Q角对髌股剪切力(Fs),正压力(Fc)和合力(R)的影响。发现Q角增大对Fs影响最大,并使R方向明显偏外。而伸膝肌力大小或测试速度则对R和Fc产生明显影响。当Q角达18°时,Fs最大达2.1BW,R最大达6.6BW。如此之大的Fs及方向偏外的R,将导致压力分布严重不均和髌骨不稳、或许还造成膝关节运动过程中髌骨在股骨髁间沟内的旋转。因此,从生物力学上也证实Q角较大对排球运动员的髌股关节是不利的。

The quadriceps extending moments were measured isokinetically in 28 malevolleyball players to provide data for the biomechanical calculation of patellofemoral joint.The effects of various Q-angles (QA) on shear force (Fs), compressiveforce (Fc) and resultant compressive force (R) of the patellofemoral joint wereanalyzed according to the models of the Nisell's Isokinetic Knee Measurementand the 3-Dimensional Patellofemoral Joint Reactive Force (PFJRF). Mechanicalanalysis to PFJRF showed that increased QA affects Fs obviously and changesthe direction of R lateralwards. The magnitude of knee extending moment ortesting velocity exerts an obvious influence on R and Fc.While QA reached 18degree, Fs and R increased dramatically to 2.1 BW and 6.6 BW in maximumrespectively. Such strong Fs and R directed lateralward will surely result insevere un-uniform distribution of pressure and unstable patellae, which perhapsbring about the rotation of patella within the sulcus of femoral condyles duringknee motions. Therefore it was proved biomechanically that the large QA is anunfavorable factor to the patellofemoral joint of volleyball players.