锌阴极电解—真空蒸馏法制取金属钕

Preparation of Neodymium Metal by the Zinc Cathode Electrolysis-Vacuum Distillation Method

本文在40A级电解槽中研究了用合金化阴极方法在氯化物熔盐中电解制取Nd-Zn合金及真空蒸馏Nd-Zn合金制备金属钕的工艺;并用电化学方法研究了钕在液态锌或固态钼阴极上还原的阴极过程,得出制取Nd-Zn合金的最佳工艺条件。电解过程中金属钕的电流效率为92～99％,直收率为86～95％,Nd-Zn合金中含钕达10～50wt％。用真空蒸馏Nd-Zn合金制得的金属钕纯度为96～98％。

This article studied the preparation of Nd-Zn alloy in molten chloride mixtures in 40A bath by means of alloying cathode, also disscussed the technological condition for removing zinc and refining metallic neodymium by the vacuum distillation method. The cathodic process of reduction of Nd(Ⅲ) on liquid zinc or solid molybdenum cathode was investigated by electrochemical method. Operating conditions for optimum efficiency were known for electrolysis. The current efficiency of Nd during electrolysis is 92～99%, the direct recovery of neodymium metal is 86～95%, Neodymium content in Nd-Zn alloy is 10—50wt%. Neodymium metal, freed of zinc by vacuum distillation, was of high purity (98.5%).