对两个玉米雄性不育系的细胞质分类研究

Cytoplasmic Classification of Two Male Sterile Lines of Maize

本文从普通遗传学、植物病理学和分子生物学的水平对玉米雄花不育系—远徐cms—小黄和恩二激cms—大黄进行了综合性的分类研究。大田的育性反应表明,这两个不育系的育性恢复受一对显性基因控制。对花粉染色的观察发现F_1可育花粉与败育花粉基本上呈1:1分离。用小斑病T小种接种,这两个不育系不表现专化感染。通过mtDNA的分析,在两个不育系中均检测到S_1和S_2质粒。根据这些结果,可以确认远徐cms—小黄和恩二激cms—大黄均属于S组的不育系。本文还讨论了利用地方品种资源选育新的不育系,以及进一步开展胞质分类研究的若干问题。

The inheritance, phytopathological reactions an molecular biology of 2 maize cmslines, Yuanxu cms--Xiaohuang and Nerji cms--Dahuang, were studied to identify theclassification of their cms cytoplasm. Segregation of the fertility of their F_2 populationsin the field indicated that the expression of the fertility restoration of these 2 cms lineswas controlled by a single dominant gene. Result of I--KI dying of the F_1 pollensgave a 1 fertile: 1 aborted ratio. When inoculated wieh T--race of Helminthosporiummaydis, both were resistant. S1 and S2 plasmids were detected in both cms linesthrough electrophorsis of mtDNA. All these evidence suggested that Yuanxucms-- Xiaohuang and Nehi cms-- Dahuang belong to the cms-- S group. Use of localgenetic resources in the breeding of new cms lines and further studies on the classifica-tion of the ms cytoplasm of maize were also discussed.