丰产沟覆盖效应及其最佳覆盖技术研究初报

Preliminary Report on the Effect of Covering High-yield Furrow and the Optimum Covering Techniques

丰产沟耕作法(亦称蓄水聚肥保土耕作法),把土地优化组合成“种植沟”和“生土垄’两大部分,彻底改造了土体构型,较好地改善了土壤环境:一能使地面环境相对稳定,地积温提高;二能较好地发挥雨养农业的优势;三能使上下土层中水、肥、气、热得以协调运转,加之作物良种良法的配合,就能使耕作与栽培、地下与地上、用地与养地有机地结合于一体,不仅改善了土壤肥力水平,而且提高了光能与气热的利用率,因而增产效果较为显著。一般增产30％～80％,严重干旱年份和瘠薄耕地增产幅度更大。

Based on the study of the,cultivation method in high-yield furrows, the author researched into the effects of five covering techniques on the topsoil environment and the growth of crops. The results showed that different techniques have different optimum application scope, and the corresponding crops are different. The methods of wholly covering ridges and half-covering furrows and covering ridges by plastic films and covering furrows by straw have the best effects of increasing production and anti-drought. These two methods can centrally utilize natural rainfall to maximumly preserve soil moisture, and to protect ridges and seedlings to increase the abilities to fight drought and other adversities