贫钾稻田油稻稻制钾肥合理分配研究

Study on the K Fertilizer Distribution for Rape-Rice-Rice Cropping System in Poor K Paddy Soil

本研究采用裂区设计田间试验,获得了油稻稻种植制系统的试验数据,首次提出后效钾量概念。以后效钾量校正对各季作物当季的实际供钾量,进而正确地反映了各季作物产量与供钾量之间的关系;得出在稻田土壤供钾水平极低的情况下,施钾的后效作用很大以及油稻稻种植体系的最大产量钾肥投入量为:油菜16kg K_2O/亩、早稻9.64kg K_2O/亩、晚稻8.79kg K_2O/亩;最佳经济效益钾肥每亩投入量为:油菜11.79kg K_2O、早稻15.28kg K_2O、晚稻6.67kg K_2O。其分配比例分别为1:0.60:0.55和1:1.30:0.57。提出油菜重、早稻重、晚稻轻的施钾原则,以充分发挥施钾的后效和培肥土壤。

This study adopted the split ?plot design and has obtained systematic results for the Rape-Rice-Rice cropping system. The new concept of after effect potassium quantity (AEPQ) which means real potassium supply was advanced for the first time in this paper. After the potassium supply corrected with AEPQ,the responses of crops yield to potassium supply were really reflected. In the case of extra - low soil K,analysis result indicated that there was great after effect of potassium application,and that the optimal potassium input to Rape ?Rice - Rice for maximum yield and the best benefit were 16. 00,9,64,8. 79(1 : 0. 60 : 0. 55)and 11. 79, 15. 28,6. 67(1 : 1. 30 : 0. 57)K2O/ mu respectively. So it was suggested that potassium application should be much more in rape season and early rice season than in late rice season in order to utilise the after effect of potassium completely.