低温预处理在水稻亚种间花药培养中的效应

Effect of Pretreatment With Low Temperature on Anther Culture of Rice Intersubspecific Hybrid

连续4年就低温预处理对水稻亚种间杂种花粉植株诱导的效应进行了系统研究。结果表明,多数组合给予6～8℃4天的预处理后,出愈率及绿苗分化率都可显著提高;但组合间要求的适宜低温预处理时间不同,其原因是不同组合的小孢子对低温的耐忍力不一样,同时正常小孢子在低温预处理过程中仍会以不同速率缓慢地发育;不同组合6～8℃预处理的适宜天数在0～20天之间,可用取出接种时花药中仍可见清晰的细胞核且处于单核后期的大多数小孢子作指标。

The effect of pretreatment with low temperature on plantlet induction from rice intersubspecific hybrid pollen was studied systemtically during 1989 to 1992, mor than ninety hybrids being used. The results shows that low temperature pretreatment is an effective procedure for enhancing induction frequency of green plantlet of anther culture, and under 6-8℃ for 4 days pretreating many materials promote the frequency of callus induction and frequency of green plantlet differentiation in a greet ranre, Not only the tolerance of the microspore of different genotypes to low temperature, Is variant, some materials are very sensitive to low temperature, and their microspore muclei disintegrate quickly under 6-8℃ pretreatment, but also the normal microspores of different genotypes develope slowly at different temperatures when pr(?)eated, so the reaction of different materials to pretreatment duration is variable. Ths proper duration for pretreating under 6-8℃ of different materiall is 0-20 days, only when the nuclei of the most microspores from the anther after low temperature pretreating can be viwed clearly and are at the monokaryon- anaphase, will the duration for pretreating of the matarial be proper