离子注入在番茄育种上的应用

Use of Ion Implantation in Tomato Breeding

以３０ｋｅＶＮ＋离子辐照番茄干种子。Ｍ１种子萌发率有所降低。经离子束处理的秧苗存活率为７２．２～８２．５％。Ｍ１出现早熟、大果变异株。变异率为８．６～１．８％。变异性状在Ｍ３已趋稳定。从稳定品系中选择出一批不同熟期和单果重的材料。其中，四个品系较对照早霞早熟１～２天；单果重较对照增加５．３～３５．３％；产量较对照增加７．１～３５．１％。以９１－１ｎｖ为测交者与选出的六个号系及原品种（早霞）杂交。其中，一个Ｆ１早期产量较对照（９１－１ｎｖ×早霞）增加２７％；一个Ｆ１的平均单果重较对照增加１１．８％；增产最高的Ｆ１较对照增产１７．３％。

Dry tomato seed was irradiated with 30keVN+ cation. The germination percentage of M1seed declined. Survival rate of seedlings treated by ion beam was 72.2─82.5%. Early maturityand bigger-fruit mutants appeared in M1 population with the variation ratio of 8.6─1.8%. Mu-tant characters were almost stable in M3.The plans of various maturity and single-fruit weightwere selected from the strains, among which 4 strains were 1-2 days earlier than Zhaoxia (CK),single-fruit wight and yield increased by 5.3%─35.3%and 7.1-35.1%, respectively,com-pared with CK. Among the hybrids of 91-1nv as a tester with 6 strains chosen and the varisety ofZhaoxia,the yield of a F1 population increased by 27%and the mean single-fruit weight of an-other F1 population increased by 11.8%and the yield of the F1 population of highest yield in-creased 17.3%compared with CK.