心理社会因素、行为形式与高血压的研究

A Sudy of Behavior Pattern and Risk Factors in Hypertension

本文用流行病学回顾性调查法探讨了心理社会因素、行为形式与原发性高血压的关系，１３８例患者的调查资料表明：家族史、劳动强度、人际关系、左心功能、皮肤电阻潜伏期和体重指数等因素在高血压组和对照组之间有明显的差异．在高血压患者中具有Ａ型性格者占１６．８％，而对照组占１０％，Ｂ型性格则有相反的趋势。相关分析表明：家族史、劳动强度、人际关系、左心功能、皮肤电阻潜伏期、体重指数、住房条件、神经质性格与高血压呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）；经济收入与高血压、收缩压呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）；文化程度与收缩压呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）；吸烟与高血压、收缩压呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）；饮酒与收缩压舒张压呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）．

Acase-control study on relationship between high blood pressure(HBP)and personality,physiological and other risk factors was carried out in 1987,Beijing,Chi-na.A standardize method was used in BP measurement.138 cases(101 men,37women)consisted of hypertensives with borderline to moderate HBP;72 normotensives(61men,11women)as controls. All subjects of the study aged 30 60 years. Based onthe response to type A behavior(type A)and Eysenck personality questionnaire,typeA,type B…and neuroticism were identified.Latent period of skin galvanic reflex,leftventricle function(PEP/LVET) were measured with polygraph. There were significantdifferences in labour intensity,PEP/LEVT,interpersonal relationship,latent period ofskin galvanic reflex and body mass index(BMI)between the cases and controls(P<0.01) in univariate analysis.The rate of family history and type A were 75.4%and 17%1n case group while 33.8%and 10%in control group. Type B appeared less in cases (4.6%vs 11.4%),the difference did not show statistical significance. Neuroticism waspositively related to HBP(r=0.14,P<0.05).From the multivariable regressior analy-sis,it has been shown that a significant positive relationship between alcohol intake,BMI,PEP/LVET,latent period of skin galvanic reflex,age and DBP(P<0.05), andbetween BMI,alcohol intake ,PEP/LVET ,sex and SBP (P<0.01).In conclusion ,typeAand neuroticism might have important influence on the pathogenesis of HBP,and theinteraction between environment and the automatic nervous function might be importantin it since the latent period of skin galvanic reflex and BP obviously correlated.