摘要
本文介绍脂肪胺及其衍生物的主要生产方法,脂肪胺化学及它们的应用;比较世界和中国脂肪胺工业的现状,并就我国脂肪胺工业的前景提出建议。
Fatty amines are a group of intermediates for cationic and amphoteric surfactants, as well as for some auxiliary agents. The features of fatty amine industry are the versatility of amines and derivatives, small rate of production for each and their multipurpase applications. In China, fatty amine industry started twenty years ago and now steps into an important period of development based on the facts as follows: (1) The rate of cationic and amphoteric surfactants is only 2~3% of the world production and is 3~4% of the total production of surfactants in China; (2) Many plants have small capability and less varieties of amines; (3) So far the fields of application are narrow and new field need to be opened.
Among the technology of production of fatty ammes, China has developed the catalytic aminati-on of fatty alcohols for tertiary amines successfully. More than ten equipments has been built since 1987 and it has supported market demand of China. Recently some new catalysts for aminatjon have been discorved with both high conversion (>99%) and selectivity (>98%), as well as better stability than origin,il catalysts which are using in plants. The investigation in our laboratory has shown that with such new catalyst, the consumption of fatty alcohol may drop 5~10皁 and the purity of amine may reach>98%.
Following are a few proposrls for fatty amine industry of China: (1) Facing an important period of development in 1990s) (2) For primary and di-amines it is necessary to introduce advanced technology abroad. However, from point view of both technology and ecnomics, such imported equipments should have capability more than 10000 tones per year. (3) For tertiary amine v-e have had excellent catalysts and rich experiences of production, so that it is time to build a lew modern plants with capability around 2?5000 t/a. (4) Main producers of fatty amine ha've to male their products in series, improve the quality and produce various derivatives of amine to meet the market demand.(5) strengthening reietnh en application of amine and ofeniong new fields of application.
