混合热阻条件下不可逆卡诺热机的优化性能

THE OPTIMIZATION PERFORMANCE OF IRREVERSIBLE CARNOT HEAT ENGINES UNDER THE CONDITION OF MIXED HEAT RESISTANCE

研究了两种线性与非线性传热条件下的不可逆卡诺循环。循环中不可逆传热服从吸热Q1∝T^(-m)，放热Q2∝T^m，其中m＝1,1。而工质内部一切因非平衡引起的不可逆性，根据实际工程所采用的方法以内效率η1来表示。由此求得循环的功率P与效率η的优化关系，并讨论了这一关系的一些应用，所得结果可为实际热机设计提供更丰富的理论依据。

This paper studies the irreversible Carnot cycles under the condition of linear and nonlinear heat transfer.The irreversible heat transfer obeys the conditions:heat absorbed Q1∝ T^(-m)and heat rejected Q2∝T^m,where m＝-1,1.The irreversibility caused by nonequilibrta within the cycle is expressed by internal efficiency ηi in terms of the method used in engineering practice. The optimization relation between the power P and efficiency η is derived.Some applications of the relation are discussed.The results obtained can provide more abundant theoretical basis for the design of heat engines in practice.