乌鲁木齐河源气候特性与冰川融水径流

Climatic Characteristic and Glacial Runoff in the Source of Urumqi River

乌鲁木齐河源冰川径流采用实测的１号冰川物质平衡、降水等为基本资料进行估算：冰川强烈消融期在７月中旬－８月中旬，冰川多年平均径流深度为４４２ｍｍ。相当于冰川每年减薄１３５ｍｍ。用“替代冰川”估算出山口以上冰川总径流量为１．８７×１０￣７ｍ￣３，占英雄桥总径流的８％。

The glacial runoff in the source of Urumqi river is estimated based on observation dataof specific glacial mass balance; glacial runoff, and precipitation. The main results of this ana-lysis are: 1) The key ablation period of glaciers in this region occurred from mid July to midAugust. Temperature in the period appears to be a major control of glacial runoff.2) Meanannual melt runoff depth of Glacier No.1 is 442mm／a during the 34 year period between1958-1992. It is equivalent to 135mm／a of the glacier thinning. 3) Glacial melt wateroutflow near the outlet of mountain river was calculated by using 'glacial substitution meth-od'. New estimate, 1．87×10~7m^3 accounts for 8％ of the outflow totals at Hero Bridgestreamflow station.