中国脊髓灰质炎Ⅰ型野毒株的PCR－RFLP法分析

ANALYSIS OF POLIOVIRUS TYPE 1 WILD STRAINS BY RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMASSAY

近年来我国流行地区分离的脊髓灰质炎病毒多为Ⅰ型野毒。本文报导对我国一些省、自治区防疫站从急性驰缓性麻痹病人粪便中分离的７７株Ⅰ型野毒株，经ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ法分析结果，发现不同地区分离的野毒株在电泳图像上有明显差异。根据电泳图像所显示的三种酶切条带的数目，可分为１４个类型，而且同一省、自治区内不同地区（如新疆），或同一地区不同年份（如广东）的毒株也存在着明显差异。但在某些相邻省份如广东省与海南省，９２年流行毒株电泳图像完全一致。说明本法虽不如核酸序列分析精确，但在一定程度上也能反映毒株间的差异，有助于说明流行株的亲疏关系，可用于研究毒株的分子流行病学。

n recent years,most of the poli virusaes isolated from different provinces of China weretype 1 wild strains.A total of 77 type 1 wild strains were analyzed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism assay(RFLP ),and 14 patterns were distinguished after PCR-RFLP.It is useful for detecting the transmission of poliovirus in China.The dominant wild strains of Guangdong province isolated in 1992 and 1993 belonged to the same category,but different from those isolated in 1989,1990 and 1991,The wild strains in Guangdong province isolated in 1992 were of the same category as those isolated in Hainan,Shanxi and Henan province.It seemed that the epidemic strains of Guangdong and Hainanprovinces in 1992 were from Shanxi or Henan province,because many people of Henan and Shanxi provinces went to work in the southern provinces in recent years. On the other hand ,the viruses isolated from Yili prefecture in the northern part of Xingjiang were different from those isolated from Kashi prefecture in the western part of Xingjiang.Diffculty of communication between the two prefectures may have limited thecirculation of polio stranins on the local area only. In 1992,there were poliomyelitis outbreaks in Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces,but thestrains isolated in Jiangxi province were different with those isolated in Guangdong province.It showed that there were different strains causing endemic disease in the two provinces in the same year.Although the best method for analysing the virus category is sequence analysis,but our data of PCR-RFLP also seems to be usefull for studying the transmission of the poliovirus.