沉积岩铜矿的储矿建造与成矿构造

THE IMPOUNDING FORMATION AND METALLOTECTONICS OF SEDIMENT-HOSTED COPPER DEPOSITS

沉积岩铜矿主要是沉积期后成因矿床，其成矿元素及成矿流体均来自沉积盆地。较上、下岩层具有高孔隙度和渗透率的粗碎屑岩是流体运移的通道与储矿岩层。在储矿岩层之上是由泥灰岩、泥岩、粉砂岩、碳质泥岩及蒸发岩组成的约３ｋｍ厚的红色细碎屑岩系作为隔水层。含铜碎屑岩中具有一系列热液蚀变现象，红色碎屑岩与灰白色岩在横向与纵向上交错出现，铜矿物主要与含铁碳酸盐胶结物或碳酸岩脉伴生。含铜流体沿着高渗透率的粗碎屑岩层运移到古陆边缘、古隆起带、喀斯特溶洞或后期褶皱断裂带沉淀成矿。

Sediment-hosted copper deposits are mainly postsedimentury.The ore-forming elements andfluid are originated from sedimentary basin. The coarse elastic rock with higher porosity and permeability than the upper and lower sedimentbed is the passase of fluid and the reservoir of sediment-hostedcopper depositS. Above the ore housing beds,there is a red fine-grained elastic rock series of 3 km thickness consisting of marlite, mudstone, siltstone, carbergillite and evaporite, acting as a water-resistinglayer. Hydrothermal alteration occurs in the coarse elastic sediments with Cu-bearing sulfides. Red ciastie rocks are intersected with white sandstone transversally and vertically. Cu-bearing sulfides are associated mainly with iron--bearing carbonate cements and Carbonatite veins. The Cu-bearing fluid flows along the permeable coarse elastic beds and precipitates Cu-bearing sulfides along epicontinents,upwarping zones,karst caves and folded-faulted zones.