生命表的进一步研究及应用

Further Study on Life Table and its Application

一、数学公式的推证一般的生物生命表由发育期、进入该发育期的存活数、死亡原因、死亡数目、死亡率、存活率等六栏组成。计算简单,但不能充分表达生存规律。现引入生存率函数S(t),积累死亡率函数F(t),死亡密度函数f(t),危险率函数λ(t),以弥补其不足。计算一组生物体进入某一发育期的死亡率公式是: 某一发育期的死亡率=在该发育期的死亡数+进入该发育期的活体总数。

Survival analysis was founded by D. R. Cox. It has been widely used in clinical medicine and achieved great advancement in the last two decades, Muenchow and Pyke introduced its application to ccology. This paper further studied the application of this theory to some problems of life table in ecology.The square error estimation of four functions S(t), F(t),f(t) and λ(t) was introduced to clearly reflect the properties of different survival periods. The results were agreed with the experimental data of Li Zhuyin, which was employed as an example of survival analysis.