辽宁内蒙乳浆大戟草天敌的调查研究

SURVEY FOR NATURAL ENEMIES OF EUPHORBIA ESULA L.IN NORTHERN CHINA AND INNER MONGOLIA

乳浆大戟是北美大平原地区的重要害草。1987年在辽宁、内蒙进行的中美联合考察发现,该草在辽宁生长矮小,分布零散,天敌群落不丰富,而在内蒙则较粗壮,形成灌丛,有较丰富的天敌群落。在内蒙发现5种重要的昆虫天敌及2种具有应用前景的锈病菌,有可能成为控制北美乳浆大戟为害的有效天敌。这是首次中外科学家在我国合作进行杂草生防调查研究。

Leafy spurge (E. esula) is a serious weed of the range lands of the northern Great Plains region of North America. The weed is native to Europe and Northeast Asia where it is not a problem. A survey for insects and diseases was undertaken to discover organisms that might contribute to the biological control of E. esula in North America. In Liaoning province (northeastern China), E. esula was found to have low level populations with relatively few natural enemies. E. esula was more common in Inner Mongolia where it had diverse assemblages of often abundant insects and diseases including: Aphthona spp. (Chrysomelidae), Oberea prob.. erythrocepha la (Cerambycidae), Chamaesphecia sp. (Aegeriidae), Endophyllum sp. (Pucciniaceae), and Me 1ampsora sp.(Melampsoraceae), all of which are believed to have promise as biological control agents of leafy spurge.