自动寻北陀螺经纬仪的研究与样机设计

A Study of Automatic North Seeking Gyrotheodolite and Prototype Design

针对野外测量的特点，对陀螺经纬仪进行了深入系统的研究．仪器的结构布局采用“下置式”，陀螺房用悬丝悬挂，给其加上电阻尼完成自动寻北。从整机的性能指标出发，阐明了陀螺经纬仪的两个主要部分──悬挂机构与随动机构的设计准则。在进行系统分析的基础上，设计了偏置稳定回路、阻尼回路、随动回路，并用单片机进行总体控制。最后，给出了设计和实验研究结果。

Extensive studies on various types of gyrotheodolites are described. With a view of meeting requirements of field measurement,a “down-seat”instrument layout is selected.Moreover,suspending band gyro,perpendicular damping and automatic north-seeking system is adopted as the foundation of prototype design.According to the performance index of the machine, the design guide rules of the suspension mechanism and servomechanism that are two main bodies of gyrotheodolite are expounded. On the basis of system analysis,the bias loop of stabilization, damping loop and servo loop are designed.The overall body is controlled with single-chip microcomputer.The result of design and test study is given at last.