空间运输联系的生成与增长规律研究

THE FORMATION AND GROWTH REGULARITIES OF SPATIAL TRANSPORT LINKAGE

空间运输联系是指在自然、社会、经济诸要素综合作用下，区域间通过交通运输设施进行旅客和货物的交流。区域差异与互补是空间运输联系产生的直接原因，交通设施是空间运输联系实现的基础。本文以世界不同类型国家和我国近半个世纪的运输活动及其社会经济背景值作为研究对象，采用定量与定性相结合的实证分析方法，经过归纳、演绎和推理，深入研究了运输联系生成的内在机制和增长演变的趋势，得出了旅客生成密度和客运强度随经济增长而增长、货物生成密度和货运强度随经济增长而降低的结论。在评价指标方面，提出了生成密度、运输强度等概念和指标，并对世界主要国家的运输发展进行了对比分析。

Spatial transport linkage which is defined as interregional traffic exchange by means of transport facilities is an important part of spatial interaction. It makes different parts of human being's living space link each other, thus making up an interrelated structure and network by goods and passenger flow. Regional differentiation and interdependence are key reasons for transport linkage.The regularities of spatial transport linkage are composed of four sections formation regularities, growth regularities, distribution regularities, and exchange regularities. In this paper, formation and growth regularities are studied which are based on the domestic and foreign statistic data. The formation features of transport linkage can be summed up following 1) formation density of passenger is increased with economic development, but the density of goods is decreased. 2) The densities are very related with the structures and features of regional economy. 3) The area of region is also a factor for differentiaton of densities.The growth of transport linkage is closely related with the development of economy and industrial structure. Its regularities are featured as phasic. fluctuated, and correlative development.