河口盐水入侵作用研究动态综述

RESEARCH REVIEW ON THE EFFECTS OF SALTWATER INTRUSION IN ESTUARY

河口是河流径流与海洋水体交接的过滤地带。由于水流扩散，挟沙能力降低，河流挟带的泥沙进入河口后将逐渐沉降。但沉降的泥沙常在某段槽床聚积，形成拦门沙坝而阻碍航运。拦门沙形成的原因与河口环流、泥沙絮凝沉降和最大混浊带等现象紧密关联，而这些现象又由盐水入侵所造成。本文综述了国内外对河口盐水入侵作用的认识和研究进展，以及目前的研究动态。

A estuary is a transition zone which connets river flow with seawater.After the river-bornesediment is transported into estuary, the sediment is to be gradually deposited because of the flow dif-fusion,decreasing the sediment-carrying capacity.Shipping is hindered by the deposited sedimentwhich is ususally aggragated somewhere on channel bed to form a entrance ber.The cause on theformation of the entrance bar had been contributed mainly to the phenomena of the estuarine circula-tion, sediment deposition from flocculated suspensions,and the turbidity maximum.However , thesephenomena result from seawater intrusion.This parper reviews the understanding and the research ad-vances on the effects of Saltwater intrusion in estuary at home and abroad as well as the progress inresearch at the present time.