中国冻胀研究进展

PROGRESS OF FROST HEAVE RESEARCH IN CHINA

中国的冻胀研究从５０年代末期开始，经科研单位、勘察设计院和大专院校冻土工作者近４０年的努力，通过现场观察、原位测试、室内试验和计算机模拟等多种手段，开展了冻胀量、冻胀力、冻胀机理、冻胀预报和各类工程防冻胀措施研究，取得了丰硕成果。提出了冻土工程分类、冻胀量和冻胀力的设计值和估算方法，以及各类工程防冻胀破坏的行之有效的方法。目前，研究工作正朝着从表象到机理、从宏观到微观的方向深化。进一步研究多孔介质中热质迁移的物理过程，特别是水分迁移的驱动力与温度或温度梯度间的相互关系，提出能反映过程物理本质且简便的冻胀预报模式及研制出对冻胀不敏感的新材料应成为今后工作的重点。

Frost heave research in China Started from the end of 1950’s.Through about fortyyear’s efforts of workers dealing with studying,designing and teaching of frozen groundand engineering construction in cold regions,great successes were obtained in amount,forces,mechanism,modeling of frost heave in freezing and frozen ground and measures ofpreventing engineering constructions from damage by in situ observation,laboratory test-ing and computation. The engineering classification of frozen ground,the design values andestimate method of heave amount and heave forces and measures of anti-frost damage forengineering constructions were presented.Now the research work are gradually deepenedfrom the phenomena to mechanism and from macroexamination to microexamination.Inthe near future,research areas should be concentrated on physical characteristic of frozenfringe,model for predicting amount of frost heave in freezing soils. which has clear physi-cal meaning and can show the time and space processes of heave development and new ma-terials with higher efficiency preventing frost heave.