粘土防膨剂

INHIBITORS FOR ANTI-SWELLING OF CLAY

本文综述了采油中使用的两类粘土防膨剂,包括酸和盐、无机聚阳离子聚合物、阳离子活性剂、有机聚阳离子聚合物、有机硅烷、有机硅烷酯等。在这些粘土防膨剂中,含氮的有机聚阳离子聚合物,特别是在每个链节中含有两个或多个四价铵的聚合物,对抑制粘土膨胀特别有效,这种防膨剂还具有长效、耐酸、耐盐的特点。有机和无机粘土防膨剂复配使用,效果会更好。

This paper summaries two kinds of inhibitors for anti-swelling of clay, including acids, salts, inorganic polycationic polymers, organic ca-tionic surfanctans organic polycationic polymers, organosilane, esters of the organosilanes. Nit rogen-containing organic polycationic polymers have been developed rapidly. This kind of inhibitor with two or more quaternary ammonium moieties in a chain element of the polymer is very effective on preven-ting or reducing the migration of fines arid the clay swelling. This inhibitor has the advantages of long life for anti-swelling of clay and the resistance to brines and acids.It is predicted that the mixture of organic and inorganic inhibitors for anti-swelling of clay will trend towards development.