摘要
本文研究了α-十二碳烯与溴化氢的加成反应,考察了水及芳烃对反马尔柯夫尼柯夫加成的影响以及温度、转化率对反应选择性的影响。研究结果表明,水对反应无影响;芳烃对反应有抑制作用,但可用较多的空气引发剂抵消。当温度低于40℃时,温度、转化率对选择性无明显影响;高于40℃时,1位溴代烷的选择性随温度、转化率的升高而降低。纯α-十二碳烯与气体溴化氢在紫外光或极少量的空气引发下,在室温下反应10min,甚至更短的时间,α-十二碳烯几乎完全转化成溴代十二烷,1位溴代烷的选择性可达90%以上。
This article presents a study on the preparation of primary aliphatic bromides through free radical addition of pure α-olefins with gaseous hydrogen bromide and the effects of reaction variables upon the reaction, It was found that water did not affect the reaction, while aromatic compounds inhibited the reaction. The inhibition of aromatic compounds could be compensated by using more air initiator. When reaction temperature was above 40℃, the selectivity of primary alkylbromide decreased with reaction temperature and rise in yield. When the reaction temperature was under 40℃, the reaction temperature and yield had no appreciable effect upon the slectivity. When reacting with gaseous hydrogen bromide at room temperature under U. V. light or with a very small amount of air as initiator, 1-dodecene could be completely changed within the minutes into alkybromide with 90% or higher selectivity of primary aliphatic bromide.
出处
《石油大学学报(自然科学版)》
CSCD
1989年第3期70-75,共6页
Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science)
关键词
溴代烷
烯烃
Free radical reaction
Alkyl bromides
Olefin hydrocarbon