阔叶红松林优势树种N素营养动态的研究

THE NITROGEN NUTRIENT DYNAMIC PROCESS OF THE DOMINANT TREE SPECIES IN DECIDUOUS KOREAN PINE FOREST

１９９２年６～１０月，在长白山自然保护区（海拔高度７４０ｍ），用现代化学、生物化学分析方法，对原始阔叶红松林的土壤Ｎ素供应状况，优势树种林木Ｎ素营养与土壤Ｎ素供应关系及与物候的关系，优势树种间Ｎ素营养关系进行了动态研究。结果表明：（１）根层土壤含水率、全Ｎ含量、ＮＯ３－Ｎ和ＮＨ４－Ｎ含量与其上层动态趋势相似并和下层土壤有较大相关性；（２）原始阔叶红松林冠层优势树种林木特别是红松在生长季对ＮＯ３－Ｎ、ＮＨ４－Ｎ吸收利用和土壤Ｎ素供应状况是极其适应的，而且这些树种对Ｎ素的需求和其物候情况紧密相关；（３）在生长季中，各种林木对Ｎ素吸收利用在时间动态上是不一致的，避免了树种间对Ｎ素需求的激烈竞争，使群落保持稳定。

In the vegetative period from June to October in 1992,at the elevation of 760m of Changbai Mountains Natural Reserve.we studied the nitrogen nutrient dynamic process on the soil and the relation among nitrogen,dominant tree species and climax.With the Chemical and Biochemical analytical methods,we analyzed nitrogen contents,available nitrate(NO3) and ammonia(NH4+) in different layers of soil,nitrogen nutrient situation and relation to the dominant tree species in different interval.The conclusions are as follows.1.The water content,nitrogen content.NO3-N and NH4-N content of root system layer had the same dynamic process at the upper layer and also relation to the lower layer.2.The dominant tree species in the virgin duciduous korean pine forest,such as Fraxinus mandshurica.Acer mono.Tilia mandshurica,especialy Pinus koraiensis absorbed nitrate and ammonia to coincide with those content of the soil and with some relationship to phenological aspect in vegetative period; 3.In their growth period the different tree species had its own time to absorb nitrogen nutrient in order to keep the stable community without serious competition.