倒刺鲃属鱼类系统分类的研究（鲤形目：鲤科）

SYSTEMATIC REVISION OF Spinibarbus FISHES(CYPRINIFORMES:CYPRINIDAE)

倒刺鲃属（Ｓｐｉｎｉｂａｒｂｕｓ）鱼类分布于我国秦岭以南和元江以东诸水系以及台湾和海南岛。其属级和种级分类，历来意见不一。对采自６个省区的１０４尾标本进行形态性状测量和对骨骼标本进行观察的结果表明，倒刺鲃属鱼类以其最末一枚前躯椎上方无上髓棘、第４椎骨的髓棘发达、背鳍前方具一卧伏于皮下的倒刺等特征与亚科（Ｂａｒｂｉｎａｅ）其余属种明显相区别，进一步肯定了把它们作为亚科的一个属是合适的。该属鱼类共有５个有效种，而且首次提出长身刺鲃（Ｓ．ｅｔｏｎｇａｔｕｓ）是光倒刺鲃（Ｓ．ｈｏｌｌａｎｄｉ）的同物异名。光倒刺鲃和倒刺鲃（Ｓ．ｄｅｎｔｉｃｕｌａｔｕｓ）的种内地理变异呈现出独特的相关性，提示海南岛的倒刺 属鱼类可能是源自珠江水系，而不是源自元江水系。

Spinibarbus fishes occur in the rivers from the south of Qinling Mountains to the north of Yuanjiang River,including Taiwan and Hainan islands.About the generic status and the identification of species,different opinions have been proposed.So far,15 specific nomenclatures have been reported,being placed in really different genera such as Puntius,Barbodes,Spinibarbichthys,Spinibarbus,Mystacoleucus and Mytsya.Most of these nomenclatures have been recognized to be synonyms.In order to determine the taxonomic status and to clarify the nomenclative confusions for the spinibarbid fishes,we carefully examined 104 spinibarbid specimens and some skeletal specimens deposited in Kunming institute of Zoology.Comparisons indicate that spinibarbid fishes are distinguished from all other genera of the subfamily Barbinae by following characters:the last supraneural disappeared from above the last predorsal vertebra;the 4th neural spine well developed, being almost as tall as neural complex;a well developed precumbent spine presents in front of dorsal fin origin(Fig.1).These characters further confirm the proposal that spinibarbid fishes represent a special lineage within subfamily Barbinae and should be given a generic status.Through the revision,5 specific nomenclatures are recognized to be valid to the genus Spinibarbus,and S.elongatus is treated for the first time as a synonym of S.hollandi.The key to the species are given in the following:Key to species of Spinibarbus 1(2)Last simple dorsal fin ray unossified and its posterior edge unserrated,a deep black streak present on distal part of dorsal fin.............................S.hollandi Oshima 2(1) Last simple dorsal fin ray ossified and its posterior edge serrated,dorsal fin greyish without streaks 3(4) Dorsal fin origin anterior to pelvic fin origin,predorsal vertebrae 11........................ S.sinensis (Bleeker)4(3) Dorsal fin origin posterior to pelvic fin origin,predorsal vertebrae 13-145(6) Predorsal scales 12-14,lateral line scales 2633,total vertebrae 40-42............................S.denticulatus Oshima 6(5) Predorsal scales 15-18,lateral line scales 33-39,total vertebrae 44-467(8)Scales from lateral line to pelvic fin origin.3,rostral barbel not reaching to eye,body depth 3.4-4.2(3.6)in standard length..........................S.yunnanensis Tsu 8(7)Scales from lateral line to pelvic fin origin 4,rostral barbel reaching to eye,body depth 2.6-3.3(2.9)in standard length ......................S.polylepis Chu Th present paper also deals with intraspecific geographical variations.In S.denticulatus,the specimens from Hainan are more similar to the specimens from Pearl River than to those from Yuanjiang River(Tab.4).Same case also occurs in S.hollandi (Tab.1).This unique pattern of intraspecific geographical variation may suggest that the Spinibarbus fishes and even most freshwater fishes of Hainan island should be originated from Pearl River system instead of from Yuanjiang River(Red River)system.